(Almost) all evidence is higher-order evidence

Peer Disagreement and Higher Order Evidence

Evidence for several higher order structural elements in ribosomal RNA.

Comparative analysis of small subunit ribosomal RNA sequences suggests the existence of two new higher order interactions: (i) a double-helical structure involving positions 505-507 and 524-526 (Escherichia coli numbering) and (ii) an interaction between the region of position 130 and the helix located approximately between positions 180 and 195. In the first of these, one of the strands of the...

All the evidence

Forensic science has recently gained a high profile worldwide, owing in part to publicity surrounding criminal cases in which advanced methods have been used to determine guilt or innocence, sometimes even overturning previous verdicts. In particular, advances in DNA sampling and testing have spawned powerful methods that police investigators increasingly rely on in serious crime cases. As DNA ...

Almost–homogeneity of the Universe in Higher–order Gravity

In the R+αR gravity theory, we show that if freely propagating massless particles have an almost isotropic distribution, then the spacetime is almost Friedmann–Robertson– Walker (FRW). This extends the result proved recently in general relativity (α = 0), which is applicable to the microwave background after photon decoupling. The higher– order result is in principle applicable to a massless sp...

Almost Continuous Transformations of Software and Higher-order Dataflow Programming

We consider two classes of stream-based computations which admit taking linear combinations of execution runs: probabilistic sampling and generalized animation. The dataflow architecture is a natural platform for programming with streams. The presence of linear combinations allows us to introduce the notion of almost continuous transformation of dataflow graphs. We introduce a new approach to h...